Picture these kanji as the points of an octahedron, or if that's too difficult, as centers on the faces of a cube. They're how to indicate direction in 3 dimensions. I haven't given the japanese pronunciations, because that depends on the situation in which they're being used (e.g. top, over, above, up, etc.)
![]() up | ||||
![]() left | ![]() back | |||
![]() middle | ||||
![]() front | ![]() right | |||
![]() down |